This is a quick summary of the main paint types and finishes so you can be well-prepared before you walk in into a paint store.
Paint Types There are two types of paint from which to choose: latex (water-based) or oil-based.
Latex paints are ideal for most interiors, especially large surfaces like walls and ceilings, because they’re low-odor and cleanup is easy with soap and water. Latex paints also resist fading even when exposed to bright sun so they stay looking fresh longer. They go on smoothly and evenly; and usually dry in one – six hours so multiple coats can be done within a short timespan.
Oil-based paints contain alkyd, a resin that dries harder than latex. Oil-based paints may fade in bright sun and can tend to chalk. They can be bit tricky to apply because they go on heavier and may drag slightly; but they provide better one-coat coverage and hiding than latexes tend to do.
Latex Paint vs. Oil-Based Paint
Latex Paint Oil-Based Paint
Ease of Use: Latex paint is thinner and easier to use. Oil-based paints are thicker and harder to use.
Primer: Primer is not required with latex paint, but could be used. Oil based paints need primer.
Finish: Matte and Glossy Glossy
Durability: While latex paint is more easily stained, it does not crack or peel with time. While oil based paint is not easily stained, it may turn yellow with time.
Odor: Light Strong
Toxicity: Latex paints are not toxic. Oil based paints can be toxic.
Composition: Water-based Oil-based
****Latex is the most popular one. It is also easier to work with if you ever want to repaint over an existing color.
Paint Finishes Finish refers to the paint gloss level. The higher the gloss, the shinier it looks and the more scrubbing it can withstand. There are six different finishes that are the most common:
Flat: This matte coating covers minor surface blemishes and works well in low-traffic areas like dining rooms and guest bedrooms.
Eggshell: Ideal for medium-traffic rooms like a bedroom, home office, family room or hall; this smooth, slightly glossy finish can handle light scrubbing
Satin: Suitable for nearly any room, this subtle gloss delivers a washability that’s a step above eggshell.
Semi-Gloss: More durable than satin, and somewhat moisture resistant, this finish is often used in kids’ rooms and on trim
High-Gloss: Extremely durable, this shiny finish is perfect for trim, cabinetry and decorative molding
Ceiling Flat: Designed specifically for use on ceilings, this finish is more spatter-resistant that other sheens